Figure 2 — Gastrointestinal toxicity of targeted cancer therapies in the United States: Clinicopathologic patterns, FDA safety frameworks, and implications for national patient protection

Reviews|Volume 13, Issue 0|pp. 10–28

Gastrointestinal toxicity of targeted cancer therapies in the United States: Clinicopathologic patterns, FDA safety frameworks, and implications for national patient protection

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Figure 2.Clinical management pathway for GI toxicity in targeted therapyThis flowchart summarizes management of gastrointestinal adverse events from targeted therapies. Supportive care suffices for mild cases, while moderate to severe symptoms require drug interruption and diagnostic work-up. Ischemic injury or perforation necessitates permanent discontinuation. CAR-T–related GI toxicities, typically occurring in the context of cytokine release syndrome, require systemic immunomodulation with tocilizumab and corticosteroids. Abbreviations: ADC: Antibody–Drug Conjugate; CAR-T: Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell; CRS: Cytokine Release Syndrome; CTCAE: Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events; GI: Gastrointestinal; TKI: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor; VEGF/VEGFR – Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/(Receptor).